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Première conférence internationale sur le bâillement
 
First International Conference on Yawning
 
Paris 24 - 25 juin 2010
 
Galerie des Photos de FICY
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Pathological yawning by human
Bâillements pathologiques chez l'homme
 
Olivier Walusinski
 
Family Physician, Brou, France - webmaster http:yawning.info
 
walusinski
 
Le bâillement est un comportement physiologique. Il a donc sa propre pathologie. Si son absence n'émeut pas, mais peut s'associer à une maladie de Parkinson ou un trouble du développement foetal du diencéphale et du tronc cérébral.
 
Son déroulement incomplet provoque et témoigne d'anhédonie.
 
Son excès, c'est à dire des salves de bâillements répétées pluri-journellement, est une gêne physique et sociale. Le plus souvent d'origine iatrogène, cet excès peut révéler de multiples pathologies neurologiques ou endocriniennes.
 
Mais le plus extraordinaire, est, qu'à côté de sa physiologie ou de sa pathologie propre, le bâillement possède l'unique caractéristique d'être thérapeutique (affections ORL) ou déclencheur de pathologies (ex: luxation mandibulaire).
The yawn is a physiological behavior. Thus it has its own pathology. If its absence does not seem a discomfort, its incomplete progress provokes and testifies of anhedonia. Its excess, that is repeated salvoes of yawns daily, is a physical and social embarrassment. Mostly of iatrogenic origin, this excess can reveal multiple neurological or endocrine pathologies. But the most extraordinary, are, that next to its physiology and to its onw pathology, the yawn possesses the unique characteristic to be therapeutic (eustachian tube) or release mechanism of pathologies (mandible dislocation).

Fetal Yawning
All the movements that a newborn is able to produce originated during fetal life and are performed throughout the life span. As an example, F. Giganti and P. Salzarulo explain that yawning is a behavior beginning in the first epochs of life. Their chapter examines frequency and time course changes of spontaneous yawning across the life span, taking into account hypotheses about its function and its role. In recent years, there have been dramatic technical advances in diagnostic sonography. This procedure has become essential to the modern management of pregnancy.
 
Fetal motility is considered to reflect the developing nervous system but also involves functional and maturational properties of fetal hemodynamics and the fetal muscular system. Yawning is recognizable in ultrasound images from the 14th week of pregnancy, and like the appearance of oromandibular movements and swallowing, it signals functional maturation of the brainstem and basal ganglia. We hope to underscore the importance of fetal yawning with this chapter and depict how disturbances over time can lead to precocious diagnosis of disharmonious brainstem maturation.