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mise à jour du
19 mars 2006
Yawning cleans the brain !
Brian Nolman
Yawnology

Chat-logomini

Yawning cleans the brain !
 
Spelled backwards it's why go long way  what is it about the yawn that practically every person does it and how does yawning help. Yawning cleans the brain, and the body.
 
Yawning unifies the cerebrospinal fluid system with the lymphatic system and both systems work with the blood system to form, when yawning, One unified system. Yawning accellerates the flow of cerebrospinal fluid. I call this the Nolman Valve. The No. 1 man valve. Yawning accellerates the flow of lymph.
 
Yawning is a divine inspiration.
 
It is during the deep deep inspiration of yawning that you open the Nolman valve. Inspiring causes the lymphatic system to gush into action...
 
The Lymphatic Pump: Although there is no muscular pumping organ connected with the lymphatic vessels to force lymph onward as the heart forces blood, still lymph moves slowly and steadily along its vessels. Lymph flows through the thoracic duct and reenters the general circulation at the rate of 125 mL/hour. Occurs despite the fact that most of the flow is against gravity or "uphill". It moves through the system in the right direction because of the large number of valves that permit fluid flow only in one direction. The movement is due to breathing movements and skeletal muscle contractions. Activities that result in central movement or flow are called lymphokinetic actions.
 
X-rays show that lymph pours into the central veins most rapidly at the peak of inspiration. The mechanism of inspiration, resulting from the descent of the diaphragm, causes intraabdominal pressure to increase as intrathoracic pressure decreases. This simultaneously causes pressure to increase in the abdominal portion of the thoracic duct and to decrease in the thoracic portion. Research has shown that thoracic duct lymph is literally "pumped" into the venous system during inspiration. The rate of flow of lymph into venous circulation is proportional to the depth of inspiration. The total volume of lymph that enters the central veins during a given time period depends on both the depth of inspiration and the overall breathing rate. Contracting skeletal muscles also exert pressure on the lymphatics to push the lymph forward. During exercise, lymph flow may increase as much as 10-15x. In addition, segmental contraction of the walls of the lymphatics themselves, results in lymph being pumped from one valve segment to the next...
 
THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM
 
The lymphatic system is a network of organs, ducts, and nodes that interacts with the blood's circulatory system to transport a watery clear fluid called lymph throughout the body. The lymphatic system is also involved in the production and transport of lymphocytes, white blood cells that are a primary component of the immune system. Among other vital function, certain lymphocytes are responsible for producing antibodies -- factors that can target and attack specific foreign agents (antigens).
 
To understand the lymphatic system, it is helpful to track part of the life of these lymphocytes. They develop in the thymus gland or bone marrow and are therefore categorized as either B-cells (bone marrow-derived cells) or T-cells (thymus gland-derived cells). B-cells complete their structural growth and definition (known as differentiation) and mature in the bone marrow. T-cells also start out in the bone marrow but differentiate and mature in the thymus gland, located beneath the breastbone. This small gland is active mostly in the fetal stage through the first ten years of life, after which it atrophies (melts away). Lymphocytes leave these organs through the blood stream, which eventually branches out into the tiny capillaries. From these microscopic tubes, some lymphocytes -- along with fluid, proteins, and other substances -- migrate out into the surrounding tissues. A proportion of these lymphocytes and other substances, along with fluid, then enter the lymphatic vessels.
 
Lymphatic vessels begin as tiny, blind-ended tubes and lead to larger lymphatic ducts and branches until they drain into two ducts in the neck, where the fluid re-enters the blood stream. Along the way, the fluid passes through lymph nodes, which are oval structures composed of lymph vessels, connective tissue, and white blood cells. Here, the lymphocytes either are filtered out or are added to the contents of the node. The size of a lymph node varies from about the size of a pinhead to the size of a bean. Most nodes are in clusters located throughout the system; important node clusters are found in the neck, lower arm, armpit, and groin. The tonsils and adenoids are secondary organs that are composed of masses of lymph tissue, which also play a role in the lymphatic system. The spleen is another important organ that processes lymphocytes from incoming blood.
 
Because of its role in forming and concentrating lymphocytes, the lymphatic system can be viewed as a major line of defense against infectious organisms. This system also restores back into circulation 60% of the fluid that leaks out from blood capillaries, and its ducts provide transportation for fats, proteins, and other substances that it collects from the body's tissues.
 
So you see by yawning, particularly, deeply inspiring, you actually increase the metabolism of your immune system.
 
In a study done by respected lymphologist, Dr. Jack Shields, cameras were placed inside the bodies of different people to observe what it was that stimulated the cleansing of the lymph system. He found that a deep diaphragm breath is the most effective way to accomplish this. This kind of breathing creates something like a vacuum that sucks the lymph through the bloodstream and increases the rate at which the body eliminates toxins. Deep diaphragm breathing combined with body movement, such as the flexing and stretching can accelerate the cleansing process by as much as 15 times the normal rate.
 
The heart is the pump for your blood, but the lymph system has no separate pump. It must rely on your movement and breathing for its circulation. By combining deep diaphragm breathing with muscular movement you circulate your lymph. Lymph circulation allows your body to carry away and excrete toxins, thus helping to provide a clean, nurturing environment for healthy cells.
 
So you can see by the rate of 125 ml/hour during the divine inspiration multiplied X 15 giving 1875 ml/hour into the bloodstream via the thoracic duct. thats 1 and 7/8 ths litres per hour compared to 1/8. It is not hard to see how yawning cleans the body or that a deep inspiration is the key!
 
Yawning cleans the brain
 
several times actually. The thing is there are no lymphatics within the central nervous system or so they say, instead it has its own fluid system that works in a similar fashon to the lymphatic system and it is called the cerebrospinal fluid system.
 
brain juice or perhaps liquid thought if you like:
 
Anyway, briefly, cerebrospinal fluid is in the brain and spinal column, within the brain there are 4 cathedrals (thought echo creation chambers) just kidding; there are 4 ventricles or hollow places in the brain that contain cerebrospinal fluid. The cerebrospinal fluid within the ventricles is the newest cerebrospinal fluid. Cerebrospinal fluid enters the central nervous system through a somewhat tangled mesh of miniature arteries located on the roofs of the four ventricles called the choroid plexus.
 
From the arteries via the choroid plexus to the ventricles of the brain the cerebrospinal fluid csf swishes round the brain a bit and exits via the known venous sinusses/arachnoid villi method. (in from arteries round and thru to veins out)
 
Thats a brief and quick description of the known method of cerebrospinal fluid entry and exit far from complete but mostly i'm not here to talk about things that are known common others have already written about those but i do need some of those as parameters and perimeters of my paradigm to guide you from the known into the unknown to expand your paradigm beyond the known into the known as we look into and beyond to see what is behind and within the divine inspiration, and just find out in more detail,  how yawning cleans the brain. We have looked a bit at the lymphatic system in motion during inspiration enough to know that great pressures are exerted, so lets look at what goes on in the air passageway during inspiration, in particular the action of the hyoid bone...
 
"In the first phase we see the progressive opening of the mouth, the dilatation of the pharyngo-larynx and of the thorax, and the lowering of the diaphragm. The opening of the mouth is very slow, and the mouth is still half open when the dilatation of the pharynx and the larynx is already at its maximum.
 
The lowering of the neck's air axis is obvious from simple inspection, which shows the lowering of the thyroid cartilage. A radiograph shows that the body of hyoid bone, which stands at rest at the level of C.2-3 vertebrae goes down to C.6-7, and explains the tongue's situation as it is pulled backward and downward, the tip going well away from the teeth. The dilatation of the glottis and the abduction of the vocal cords can be verified by a laryngoscopic examination sufficiently long continued to catch a spontaneous yawn. The radiographs have shown that the dilatation of the pharynx is enormous and surprising, for it increases to three or four times its normal size. The pharynx, larynx, and trachea, as well as the bronchial tubes, appear very dilated on the plates. While the opening of the mouth and the deep inspiration may be observed in many cases apart from yawning, the enormous expansion of the pharynx with the lowering of the hyoid bone and of the tongue is peculiar to yawning." J. Barbizet
 
The hyoid bone is one of my favorites because it is so unique. The hyoid bone's movement is what opens and closes the Nolman valve.
 
The hyoid bone is not attatched to other bones directly as all other bones are, yet it is attached to the skull by muscles and ligaments to areas of the temporal bones, notably the styloid processes of the temporal bones and along the joints, sutures, articulations, or the cracks between the temporal bones and occipital bone between them. 
 
There is a lot of force involved and invalved to move the hyoid bone approximately 4 vetibrae. So you can imagine how much force is resisted and how much pull there is on the temporal bones with enough force to change the size and pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid compartment within the cranial vault.
 
Cerebrospinal fluid is pressured by this action. Cerebrospinal fluid escapes the cranial vault via cranial nerves through the foramen. The Nolman valve is open during deep inspiration, the cerebrospinal fluid is moving, yawning cleans the brain
 
Where does it go?
 
Remember, what is going on in the lymphatic system at the time the same time of this divine inspiration? The lymphatic system is gushing at 15 times the normal rate into the bloodstream via the lymphatic duct and since the lymphatic system is a one way system it is ready to draw and accept the flow of cerebrospinal fluid that escapes via the cranial nerves with the cervicle lymph nodes
 
During divine inspiration the cerebrospinal fluid system is unified with the lymphatic system as one continuous system.
Doctors don't seem to have a concensus at the moment as to wether the skull bones actually do move or not, while it is important to the Nolman valve, it doesn't matter whether they actually move or simply flex, either way the concept is the same - a change in the volume of the cranial vault.
 
Inside the cranial vault the brain has glial cells and neurons, cerebrospinal fluid functions with similar features to lymph except, within the central nervous system...
 
1) The CNS (brain and spinal cord) are rendered buoyant by the cerebrospinal fluid medium in which they are suspended. This provides the nervous system with support and protection against rapid movements and trauma. 2) The CSF is believed to be nutritive for both neurons and glial cells. 3) The CSF provides a vehicle for removing waste products of cellular metabolism form the nervous system. In this capacity, it functions like a lymphatic system. 4) The CSF plays a role in maintaining the constancy of the ionic composition of the local microenvironment of the cells of the nervous system. The extracellular space of the brain freely communicates with the CSF compartment and therefore the composition of the two fluid compartments is similar. 5) The presence of a number of biologically active principles (releasing factors, hormones, neurotransmitters, metabolites ) within the CSF suggests that it may function as a transport system. 6) The H + and CO 2 concentrations in the CSF (pH) may affect both pulmonary ventilation and cerebral blood flow. 7) Since the CSF and brain extracellular space are in continuity analysis of the composition of the CSF provides diagnostic information about the normal and pathological state of the nervous system function.
 
Neurons which produce neurotransmitters are fed nutrients oxygen etc are in direct contact with cerebrospinal fluid, when these cells express neurotransmitters from one cell to another they can do so different ways, some direct, but others have a synapse or a gap between them.
 
The synaptic gap is continuous with the cerebrospinal fluid compartment. This means that some neurotransmitters must cross through cerebrospinal fluid to get to the next neuron.
 
When yawning moves the cerebrospinal fluid , it moves neurotransmitters with it. During the deep inspiration of yawning the entire air passageway is pulled downwards this pulls the hyoid bone downward which is resisted by its attachment to the
bottom of the skull, particularly the temporal bones near its articulation with other bone, the occipital and likely the sphenoid as well. The effects of this cause a change in the volume of the cranial vault, changing the pressure of the cerebrospinal fluid within causing the csf to move (circulate at accellerated rate). The cerebrospinal fluid is also continuous within the sheaths of the cranial nerves (sub arachnoid layer) which aids in cerebrospinal fluid absorption via the lymphatic system.
 
Since neurotransmitters are found within cerebrospinal fluid, they move with it, eventually away from the brain, while more (neurotransmitters hormones neuropeptides etc) are being produced to replace these fairly short lived neurochemicals.
 
They say neurotransmitters are like a lock and a key, one transmitters fits one receptor well maybe another analogy is that neurotransmitters are like boats and receptors like docks. that analogy fits better for me because i think that neurotransmitters can dock at receptors other than their own. The key fits more than its own lock, in other words a neurotransmitter can activate many different receptors and the results of that activation is more in tune with the function of the receptor's cell or neuron than the actual specific type of neurotransmitter itself. The recceptors neuron may behave differently, that is certainly possible but it will be activated to varying degrees by a selection of neurotransmitters not specifically designed for that particular receptor.
 
The way i understand it is: When a neurotransmitter is produced, it may get to the intended receptor on the intended
cell, but not always. It may enter the cerebrospinal fluid to later attach itself to an acceptable receptor "downstream" on some other cell (neuron) which it can often activate to varying degrees. The neurotransmitters attach themselves to neurons (cells) somewhat like a burr to clothing , the neurotransmitter gets stuck in the membrane of the cell, the movement of the cerebrospinal fluid currents wiggle the neurotransmitter and the sensitivity of the cell wall causes the cell to react. The cell (neuron) sends out an expert from its neucleus to investigate. This expert is an enzigm produced by the neucleus, swims through the cytoplasm of the neuron and attaches itself to the cell wall where the neurotransmitter is attached like a burr on the other side of the membrane. The enzigm brings it through or its message to activate the receiving neuron.
 
So there is no specific receptors sites, but rather, the entire outer membrane of the cell body (neuron) can be activated as a receptor site when a neurotransmitter adheres to it. When you yawn, you move these neurotransmitters. Most people yawn ten to twenty times per day. Most yawns are shortly after waking up or shortly before going to bed. Yawning is generally observed during a transition from activity to inactivity or from inactivity to activity.
 
During a transition to activity the brain is likely to produce some neurochemicals that it needs in preparation for the activity and the same can be said for preparing for relaxation or sleep that the brain produces neurochemical changes that reflect the intention of its activity.
 
You yawn more in the first hour of the morning to send those "wake up" chemicals throughout the brain where needed and then into the body. It's the same when going to sleep some brain chemicals activate cells but some also inhibit activity (some are agonists some antagonists). The brain knows which ones to make when, but its the yawn that moves them around to where they are most needed the quickest when they are needed, by carrying them with the movement
of the cerebrospinal fluid.
 
Brian Nolman Feb 18, 2006
 
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